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(→‎If Vegetation is readed from file)
(→‎Main processes)
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== Main processes ==
 
== Main processes ==
 +
 +
===If Vegetation is not used ===
 +
If the user chooses not to include vegetation in basin file with the keyword:
 +
VEGETATION : 0
 +
then transpiration is not computed.
 +
 +
However, the user may want to still evaporate water from soil surface. To do so, evapotranspiration must be separated in to evaporation and transpiration (in this case the latter is zero), with the following keyword in basin file (see below for details):
 +
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION_METHOD : 2
 +
  
 
===If Vegetation is readed from file ===
 
===If Vegetation is readed from file ===
Line 27: Line 36:
 
This process corresponds to plant transpiration taking water from soil.  
 
This process corresponds to plant transpiration taking water from soil.  
  
−
The user may want to compute a global potential evapotranspiration or separate potential transpiration (in plants along the root depth) and potential evaporation (on soil surface) based on leaf area index. This option is defined in Basin module with the keyword:
+
The user may want to compute a global potential evapotranspiration or separate potential transpiration (in plants along the root depth) and potential evaporation (on soil surface) based on leaf area index. This option is defined in basin file with the keyword:
  
 
  EVPOTRANSPIRATION_METHOD: 1/2 (1-Global Evapotranspiration; 2-Transpiration and Evaporation)
 
  EVPOTRANSPIRATION_METHOD: 1/2 (1-Global Evapotranspiration; 2-Transpiration and Evaporation)
  
−
Potential water uptake (potential evapotranspiration/transpiration) is distributed in depth according to root distribution with keyword:
+
Potential water uptake (potential evapotranspiration/transpiration) is distributed in depth according to root distribution with keyword in vegetation file:
  
 
  ROOT_PROFILE : 1/2 (1-Triangular; 2-Constant)
 
  ROOT_PROFILE : 1/2 (1-Triangular; 2-Constant)
  
−
Water Uptake (actual uptake) computation takes in potential uptake and limits it to plant and soil constraints. Plant constraints can be done with two options: i) with Feddes formulation or ii) with van Genuchten curve with the keyword:
+
Water Uptake (actual uptake) computation takes in potential uptake and limits it to plant and soil constraints. Plant constraints can be done with two options: i) with Feddes formulation or ii) with van Genuchten curve with the keyword in vegetation file:
  
 
  WATER_UPTAKE_STRESS_METHOD: 1/2 (1-Feddes; 2-van Genuchten)
 
  WATER_UPTAKE_STRESS_METHOD: 1/2 (1-Feddes; 2-van Genuchten)
Line 48: Line 57:
  
  
−
Water uptake is then limited to available water in soil (above residual content) and if the user wants with soil velocity with the keyword:
+
Water uptake is then limited to available water in soil (above residual content) and if the user wants with soil velocity with the keyword in vegetation file:
  
 
  LIMIT_TRANSP_WATER_VEL : 1
 
  LIMIT_TRANSP_WATER_VEL : 1
−
 
−
 
  
  

Revision as of 14:52, 3 March 2009

Overview

Vegetation Model handles information about vegetation cover and interacts with atmosphere and soil properties. Vegetation dynamics can be handled by the model in two different manners: i) reading from file (time serie, hdf, grid); ii) using a vegetation growth model. The first option is the previous formulation where LAI and root depth properties are provided by user and water uptake is simulated. The second option uses a SWAT based vegetation growth model and plant biomass, LAI, nutrient content and nutrient uptake are explicitly simulated.

SWAT vegetation growth model uses the concepts from EPIC crop model (Izaurralde et al., 2006) of radiation-use efficiency by which a fraction of daily photosynthetically active radiation is intercepted by the plant canopy and converted into plant biomass. Gains in plant biomass are affected by vapor pressure deficits and atmospheric CO2 concentration. Stress indices for water, temperature, nitrogen, phosphorus and aeration are calculated using the value of the most severe of these stresses to reduce potential plant growth and crop yield. Nutrient uptake is done based on plant target (optimal content) and availability in soil.

Concepts

Property

Vegetation model was redesigned to be structured in properties instead of vegetation types. The advantage of this structure is that in the input file the number of properties is fixed (no matter the complexity of the vegetation cover) and input can be preprocessed for the entire grid (see How to pre-process vegetation). In the previous structure, applications with several vegetation covers could rapidly increase input file lines and input errors. More over as they are not graphed in time serie or hdf the visual inspection could take longer.

See the list of allowed properties names

How to Pre-Process Vegetation

Fill Matrix was updated to fill grids without interpolation. Instead of space stations (X,Y coordinate) user has to provide a vegetation grid with ID's and the values assigned to each ID (time serie or single value). Fill Matrix reads ID in the grid and searches for the value to fill the cell. If cells are not filled error message is sent. See FillMatrix for more details

Main processes

If Vegetation is not used

If the user chooses not to include vegetation in basin file with the keyword: 

VEGETATION : 0

then transpiration is not computed.

However, the user may want to still evaporate water from soil surface. To do so, evapotranspiration must be separated in to evaporation and transpiration (in this case the latter is zero), with the following keyword in basin file (see below for details): 

EVAPOTRANSPIRATION_METHOD : 2


If Vegetation is readed from file

If the user chooses the option to simulate vegetation giving properties evolution from file (hdf5, grid), than leaf area index and root depth properties must be given. This option correspond to the old formulation and, yet, only water uptake is simulated.

Water Uptake

This process corresponds to plant transpiration taking water from soil.

The user may want to compute a global potential evapotranspiration or separate potential transpiration (in plants along the root depth) and potential evaporation (on soil surface) based on leaf area index. This option is defined in basin file with the keyword: 

EVPOTRANSPIRATION_METHOD: 1/2 (1-Global Evapotranspiration; 2-Transpiration and Evaporation)

Potential water uptake (potential evapotranspiration/transpiration) is distributed in depth according to root distribution with keyword in vegetation file: 

ROOT_PROFILE : 1/2 (1-Triangular; 2-Constant)

Water Uptake (actual uptake) computation takes in potential uptake and limits it to plant and soil constraints. Plant constraints can be done with two options: i) with Feddes formulation or ii) with van Genuchten curve with the keyword in vegetation file: 

WATER_UPTAKE_STRESS_METHOD: 1/2 (1-Feddes; 2-van Genuchten)

Feddes formulation has plant tresholds. This means that plant has soil pressure heads tresholds where uptake is optimum and soil heads (under field capacity and below wilting point) where no uptake occurs. Between optimum and no transpiration linear interpolation is done: 

Insert Equation for Feddes

van Genuchten formulation is an empirical curve also dependent on pressure head: 

Insert Equation for van Genuchten


Water uptake is then limited to available water in soil (above residual content) and if the user wants with soil velocity with the keyword in vegetation file: 

LIMIT_TRANSP_WATER_VEL : 1


Soil pressure heads tresholds must be provided for each vegetation type in the vegetation file (example below): 

!Arable Land - Trigo
<beginvegetationtype>
ID                        : 1
NAME                      : Agriculture
FEDDES_H1                 : -0.1
FEDDES_H2                 : -0.25
FEDDES_H3                 : -2.0
FEDDES_H4                 : -80.0
<endvegetationtype>


!Forest
<beginvegetationtype>
ID                        : 2
NAME                      : Forest
FEDDES_H1                 : -0.1
FEDDES_H2                 : -0.25
FEDDES_H3                 : -6.0
FEDDES_H4                 : -30.0
<endvegetationtype>

Also Properties leaf area index and root depth must be provided (from file or constant values). Thys must comply with fillmatrix standards under the <beginproperty> and <endpropery> blocks.

If Vegetation is explicitly simulated - Growth Model

If the user chooses the option to simulate explicitly vegetation, than plant biomass, root biomass, LAI, canopy height and nutrient content, are simulated.

Water Uptake

total plant biomass

total plant nitrogen

total plant phosphorus

root biomass

root depth

canopy height

Other Features

Outputs

Time series

To write time series results define keyword: 

TIME_SERIE           : 1

in each property that you wish to write results.

Box integration

Maps (HDF5 format)

To write 3D results use keyword OUTPUT_TIME and define keyword: 

OUTPUT_HDF           : 1

in each property that you wish to write results.

Statistics

References

Izaurralde, R.C.; Williams, J.R. ; McGill, W.B.; Rosenberg, N.J.; Quiroga Jakas, M.C. (2006) - Simulating soil C dynamics with EPIC: Model description and testing against long‐term data. Ecol. Model. 192(3‐4): 362‐384.

Data File

Keywords

         [Keyword]                 [Format]  [Units]  [Default]  [Short Description]
VEGETATION_ID_FILE               : string      -        [-]     !Vegetation distribution grid path

VEGETATION_DT                    : real        s      [ModelDT] !Vegetation DT
INTEGRATION_DT                   : real        s      [ModelDT] !DT to integrate external variables
                                                                 until vegetation is called 
                                                                 (vegetation DT)

TRANSPIRATION_METHOD             : integer     -        [1]     !Plant transpiration method: 1-MOHID 
                                                                (previous approach); 2- SWAT based
  ROOT_PROFILE                   : integer     -        [1]     !Read if TRANSPIRATION_METHOD == 1: 
                                                                !1-Triangular / 2-Constant /  
                                                                 3-Exponential(SWAT like)
  WATER_UPTAKE_STRESS_METHOD     : integer     -        [1]     !Read if TRANSPIRATION_METHOD == 1:
                                                                 1-Feddes; 2-VanGenuchten

<beginproperty>
 See module fillmatrix
EVOLUTION                       : integer      -         -      !Property evolution: 1-Read from file
                                                                !2-vegetation growth model
<endproperty>

!Vegetation growth parameters  
TEMPERATURE_STRESS               : 0/1         -        [1]     !Connects/disconnects temperature
                                                                  stress on vegetation growth
GRAZING                          : 0/1         -        [0]     !Connects/disconnects grazing
MANAGEMENT                       : 0/1         -        [0]     !Connects/disconnects management
DORMANCY                         : 0/1         -        [0]     !Connects/disconnects dormancy
    
<beginvegetationtype>
 ID
 NAME        
 HAS_LEAVES
 FEDDES_H1
 FEDDES_H2
 FEDDES_H3
 FEDDES_H4
  <begintimingdatabase>
   MATURITY_HU                       : 1700.
   PLANTING_JULIANDAY                : -99.
   PLANTING_HUBASE                   : 0.15
  <endgtimingdatabase>

  <begingrowthdatabase>
   PLANT_TYPE                        : 5
   OPTIMAL_NITROGENFRACTION_N1       : 0.0663
   OPTIMAL_NITROGENFRACTION_N2       : 0.0255
   OPTIMAL_NITROGENFRACTION_N3       : 0.0148
   OPTIMAL_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION_P1     : 0.0053
   OPTIMAL_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION_P2     : 0.0020
   OPTIMAL_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION_P3     : 0.0012
   BASE_TEMPERATURE                  : 0.
   OPTIMAL_TEMPERATURE               : 18.0
   RADIATION_EXTINCTION_COEF         : 0.65
   BIOMASS_ENERGY_RATIO              : 30.0
   CO2_HIGH                          : 660.0
   BIOMASS_ENERGY_RATIO_HIGH         : 39.0
   RUE_DECLINE_RATE                  : 6.0
   LAI_MAX                           : 4.0
   OPTIMAL_LAIMAXFRACTION_1          : 0.05
   OPTIMAL_LAIMAXFRACTION_2          : 0.95
   GROWFRACTION_1                    : 0.05
   GROWFRACTION_2                    : 0.45
   GROWFRACTION_LAIDECLINE           : 0.50
   ROOT_DEPTH_MAX                    : 1.30
   CANOPY_HEIGHT_MAX                 : 0.9
   OPTIMAL_HARVEST_INDEX             : 0.4
   MINIMUM_HARVEST_INDEX             : 0.2
   YELD_NITROGENFRACTION             : 0.0250
   YELD_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION           : 0.0022
  <endgrowthdatabase>
        
  <beginmanagementandgrazedatabase>
   GRAZING_START_JULIANDAY           : -99.
   GRAZING_START_PLANTHU             : 0.5
   GRAZING_DAYS                      : 10
   MINIMUM_BIOMASS_FOR_GRAZING       : 10.
   GRAZING_BIOMASS                   : 70.
   TRAMPLING_BIOMASS                 : 30.
   HARVESTKILL_JULIANDAY             : -99.
   HARVESTKILL_PLANTHU               : 1.2
   HARVEST_JULIANDAY                 : -99.
   HARVEST_PLANTHU                   : -99.
   HARVEST_EFFICIENCY                : 1.0
   KILL_JULIANDAY                    : -99.
   KILL_PLANTHU                      : -99.
  <endmanagementandgrazedatabase>
      
<endvegetationtype>

Sample

If vegetation is readed from file

TRANSPIRATION_METHOD       : 1
ROOT_PROFILE               : 1
WATER_UPTAKE_STRESS_METHOD : 1

TIME_SERIE_LOCATION       : ..\..\GeneralData\TimeSeriesLocation.dat
VEGETATION_ID_FILE        : ..\..\GeneralData\vegetation.dat

OUTPUT_TIME               : 0. 86400.

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : root depth
UNITS                     : m
DESCRIPTION               : plant root depth
EVOLUTION                 : 1
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : HDF
FILENAME                  : ..\..\GeneralData\Trancao\Vegetation\RootDepth.hdf5
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.0
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 1
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : leaf area index
UNITS                     : m2/m2
DESCRIPTION               : plant leaf area index
EVOLUTION                 : 1
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : HDF
FILENAME                  : ..\..\GeneralData\Trancao\Vegetation\LAI.hdf5
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 1
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : specific leaf storage
UNITS                     : m3/m2
DESCRIPTION               : plant specific leaf storage
EVOLUTION                 : 1
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : HDF
FILENAME                  : ..\..\GeneralData\Trancao\Vegetation\SpecificLeafStorage.hdf5
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.0001
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 0
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : crop coefficient
UNITS                     : -
DESCRIPTION               : plant transpiration coefficient
EVOLUTION                 : 1
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : HDF
FILENAME                  : ..\..\GeneralData\Trancao\Vegetation\CropCoefficient.hdf5
DEFAULTVALUE              : 1.
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 0
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>


!Arable Land - Trigo
<beginvegetationtype>
ID                        : 1
NAME                      : Agriculture
FEDDES_H1                 : -0.1
FEDDES_H2                 : -0.25
FEDDES_H3                 : -2.0
FEDDES_H4                 : -80.0
<endvegetationtype>


!Floresta
<beginvegetationtype>
ID                        : 2
NAME                      : Forest
FEDDES_H1                 : -0.1
FEDDES_H2                 : -0.25
FEDDES_H3                 : -6.0
FEDDES_H4                 : -30.0
<endvegetationtype>

If vegetation growth model is used

VEGETATION_DT              : 86400.
INTEGRATION_DT             : 3600.

TRANSPIRATION_METHOD       : 2

!begin Vegetation growth keywords
TEMPERATURE_STRESS        : 1
GRAZING                   : 0
MANAGEMENT                : 1
DORMANCY                  : 0

POTENTIALHUTOTAL          : 5475.
POTENTIALHUBASE           : 0.00
ISPLANTGROWING            : FALSE
!end Vegetation growth keywords

TIME_SERIE_LOCATION       : ..\..\GeneralData\TimeSeriesLocation2D_2.dat
VEGETATION_ID_FILE        : ..\..\GeneralData\vegetation_2cells.dat

OUTPUT_TIME               : 0. 86400.

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : total plant biomass
UNITS                     : kg/ha
DESCRIPTION               : plant biomass
EVOLUTION                 : 2
OLD                       : 0
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 1
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : total plant nitrogen
UNITS                     : kg/ha
DESCRIPTION               : plant nitrogen content
EVOLUTION                 : 2
OLD                       : 0
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 1
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : total plant phosphorus
UNITS                     : kg/ha
DESCRIPTION               : plant phosphorus content
EVOLUTION                 : 2
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : NONE
INITIALIZATION_METHOD     : CONSTANT
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 1
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : root biomass
UNITS                     : kg/ha
DESCRIPTION               : plant root biomass
EVOLUTION                 : 2
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : NONE
INITIALIZATION_METHOD     : CONSTANT
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 1
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : root depth
UNITS                     : m
DESCRIPTION               : plant root depth
EVOLUTION                 : 2
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : NONE
INITIALIZATION_METHOD     : CONSTANT
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.0
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 1
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : leaf area index
UNITS                     : m2/m2
DESCRIPTION               : plant leaf area index
EVOLUTION                 : 2
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : NONE

DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 1
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : canopy height
UNITS                     : m
DESCRIPTION               : plant canopy height
EVOLUTION                 : 2
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : NONE
INITIALIZATION_METHOD     : CONSTANT
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 0
OUTPUT_HDF                : 1
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : specific leaf storage
UNITS                     : m3/m2
DESCRIPTION               : plant specific leaf storage
EVOLUTION                 : 1
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : NONE
INITIALIZATION_METHOD     : CONSTANT
DEFAULTVALUE              : 0.0001
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 1
OUTPUT_HDF                : 0
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

<beginproperty>
NAME                      : crop coefficient
UNITS                     : -
DESCRIPTION               : plant transpiration coefficient
EVOLUTION                 : 1
OLD                       : 0
FILE_IN_TIME              : NONE
INITIALIZATION_METHOD     : CONSTANT
DEFAULTVALUE              : 1.
REMAIN_CONSTANT           : 1
OUTPUT_HDF                : 0
TIME_SERIE                : 1
BOX_TIME_SERIE            : 0    
<endproperty>

!Arable Land - Trigo
<beginvegetationtype>
ID                        : 1
NAME                      : Agriculture
HAS_LEAVES                : 1

<begintimingdatabase>
PLANTING_JULIANDAY                : -99.
PLANTING_HUBASE                   : 0.95
MATURITY_HU                       : 1700.
<endtimingdatabase>

<begingrowthdatabase>
PLANT_TYPE                        : 5
OPTIMAL_NITROGENFRACTION_N1       : 0.0663
OPTIMAL_NITROGENFRACTION_N2       : 0.0255
OPTIMAL_NITROGENFRACTION_N3       : 0.0148
OPTIMAL_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION_P1     : 0.0053
OPTIMAL_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION_P2     : 0.0020
OPTIMAL_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION_P3     : 0.0012
BASE_TEMPERATURE                  : 0.
OPTIMAL_TEMPERATURE               : 18.0
RADIATION_EXTINCTION_COEF         : 0.65
BIOMASS_ENERGY_RATIO              : 30.0
CO2_HIGH                          : 660.0
BIOMASS_ENERGY_RATIO_HIGH         : 39.0
RUE_DECLINE_RATE                  : 6.0
LAI_MAX                           : 4.0
OPTIMAL_LAIMAXFRACTION_1          : 0.05
OPTIMAL_LAIMAXFRACTION_2          : 0.95
GROWFRACTION_1                    : 0.05
GROWFRACTION_2                    : 0.45
GROWFRACTION_LAIDECLINE           : 0.50
ROOT_DEPTH_MAX                    : 1.30
CANOPY_HEIGHT_MAX                 : 0.9
OPTIMAL_HARVEST_INDEX             : 0.4
MINIMUM_HARVEST_INDEX             : 0.2
YELD_NITROGENFRACTION             : 0.0250
YELD_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION           : 0.0022
<endgrowthdatabase> 

<beginmanagementandgrazedatabase>
GRAZING_START_JULIANDAY           : -99.
GRAZING_START_PLANTHU             : 0.5
GRAZING_DAYS                      : 10
MINIMUM_BIOMASS_FOR_GRAZING       : 10.
GRAZING_BIOMASS                   : 70.
TRAMPLING_BIOMASS                 : 30.
HARVESTKILL_JULIANDAY             : -99.
HARVESTKILL_PLANTHU               : 1.2
HARVEST_JULIANDAY                 : -99.
HARVEST_PLANTHU                   : -99.
HARVEST_EFFICIENCY                : 1.0
KILL_JULIANDAY                    : -99.
KILL_PLANTHU                      : -99.
<endmanagementandgrazedatabase>

<endvegetationtype> 


!Floresta
<beginvegetationtype>
ID                        : 2
NAME                      : Forest
HAS_LEAVES                : 1

<begintimingdatabase>
PLANTING_JULIANDAY                : -99.
PLANTING_HUBASE                   : 0.95
MATURITY_HU                       : 1700.
<endtimingdatabase>

<begingrowthdatabase>
PLANT_TYPE                        : 7
OPTIMAL_NITROGENFRACTION_N1       : 0.0060
OPTIMAL_NITROGENFRACTION_N2       : 0.0020
OPTIMAL_NITROGENFRACTION_N3       : 0.0015
OPTIMAL_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION_P1     : 0.0007
OPTIMAL_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION_P2     : 0.0004
OPTIMAL_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION_P3     : 0.0003
BASE_TEMPERATURE                  : 10.
OPTIMAL_TEMPERATURE               : 30.0
RADIATION_EXTINCTION_COEF         : 0.65
BIOMASS_ENERGY_RATIO              : 15.0
CO2_HIGH                          : 660.0
BIOMASS_ENERGY_RATIO_HIGH         : 16.0
RUE_DECLINE_RATE                  : 8.0
LAI_MAX                           : 5.0
OPTIMAL_LAIMAXFRACTION_1          : 0.05
OPTIMAL_LAIMAXFRACTION_2          : 0.95
GROWFRACTION_1                    : 0.05
GROWFRACTION_2                    : 0.40
GROWFRACTION_LAIDECLINE           : 0.99
ROOT_DEPTH_MAX                    : 3.50
CANOPY_HEIGHT_MAX                 : 6.0
OPTIMAL_HARVEST_INDEX             : 0.76
MINIMUM_HARVEST_INDEX             : 0.010
YELD_NITROGENFRACTION             : 0.0015
YELD_PHOSPHORUSFRACTION           : 0.0003
TREE_YEARSTOMATURITY              : -99.
TREE_MAXIMUMBIOMASS               : -99.
<endgrowthdatabase>

<beginmanagementandgrazedatabase>
GRAZING_START_JULIANDAY           : -99.
GRAZING_START_PLANTHU             : -99.
GRAZING_DAYS                      : 0.
MINIMUM_BIOMASS_FOR_GRAZING       : 0.
GRAZING_BIOMASS                   : 0.
TRAMPLING_BIOMASS                 : 0.
HARVESTKILL_JULIANDAY             : -99.
HARVESTKILL_PLANTHU               : -99.
HARVEST_JULIANDAY                 : -99.
HARVEST_PLANTHU                   : -99.
HARVEST_EFFICIENCY                : 1.0
KILL_JULIANDAY                    : -99.
KILL_PLANTHU                      : -99.
<endmanagementandgrazedatabase>

<endvegetationtype>
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